PostgreSQL Tutorial

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PostgreSQL is often called Postgres, an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). The postgreSQL support the standard SQL query and its syntax are similar. This database runs on all major operating systems that contain Linux, UNIX (AIX, BSD, HP-UX, SGI IRIX, Mac OS X, Solaris, Tru64), and Windows. This tutorial helps you to start the learning of PostgreSQL in simple and easy steps so that you can start the database programming.

PostgreSQL is a database platform that allows users to create, manage, and manipulate the data in the database.

PostgreSQL supports a variety of ranges of data types that are mentioned below. −

  • The data types allow the user to store JSON directly into the database.
  • It stores arrays of values.
  • The Hstore is a data type in PostgreSQL that allows users to store sets of key-value pairs within a single column.
  • It supports geometric data such as points, circles, and polygons.
  • PostgreSQL has built-in capabilities for searching large amounts of textual data.
  • PostgreSQL complies with all ACID requirements.

PostgreSQL Example

Here, we are providing basic tabular data for 5 people, which includes information on ID, Name, Age, Salary, City, and Country. Our task is to generate queries to print the rows where the salary is above 3000.

ID Name Age Salary City Country
1 Ravi 21 2000.00 Maryland Germany
2 Farhan 30 5000.00 New York USA
3 Teja 28 4500.00 Muscat Dubai
4 Yash 27 2500.00 Kolkata India
5 Ashin 26 3500.00 Bhopal India

Step 1: Create the table and insert data.

-- Create the table
CREATE TABLE employees (
    ID SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
    Name VARCHAR(50),
    Age INT,
    Salary DECIMAL(10, 2),
    City VARCHAR(50),
    Country VARCHAR(50)
);

-- Insert data into the table
INSERT INTO employees (Name, Age, Salary, City, Country) VALUES
('Ravi', 21, 2000.00, 'Maryland', 'Germany'),
('Farhan', 30, 5000.00, 'New York', 'USA'),
('Teja', 28, 4500.00, 'Muscat', 'Dubai'),
('Yash', 27, 2500.00, 'Kolkata', 'India'),
('Ashin', 26, 3500.00, 'Bhopal', 'India');

Step 2: Query to print the Salaries above Above 3000.

-- Query to select employees with salary above 3000
SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE Salary > 3000;

The above queries print the following result −

 ID |   Name   | Age | Salary |    City    | Country
----+----------+-----+--------+-------------+---------
  2 | Farhan   |  30 | 5000.00| New York    | USA
  3 | Teja     |  28 | 4500.00| Muscat      | Dubai
  5 | Ashin    |  26 | 3500.00| Bhopal      | India

PostgreSQL Applications

PostgreSQL is one of the most powerful relational database management systems. This provides the following functionalities to database programmers −

  • This is mostly used in web applications as a backend database framework, such as Node.js, Django, etc.
  • The PostgreSQL supports the complex queries that make the ideal features for data analytics and business intelligence.
  • It integrates with machine learning tools like Python and R for predictive analytics.
  • Its application is mostly used in enterprise editions such as ERP, CRM, and supply chain management.
  • Due to its flexibility, the system supports hybrid and multi-cloud deployments like AWS and Google Cloud SQL.

Prerequisites to Learn PostgreSQL

To learn PostgreSQL, you must have a basic understanding of SQL that contains queries like SELECT, INSERT, and UPDATE, etc. By knowing the usage of relational databases, it includes tables, indexes, and relations that help you learn faster. The familiarity of command line tools like psql is useful for the database management. In addition to this, some experience with Linux or Windows will make installation and configuration easier.

This tutorial will give you enough understanding of the various concepts of PostgreSQL along with suitable examples so that you can start your software development journey immediately after finishing this tutorial.

PostgreSQL Jobs and Opportunities

The PostgreSQL professionals are highly in demand as the data is used through this platform, and it is mostly used by the larger organizations.

Some of the well-known companies that frequently hire PostgreSQL professionals include −

  • Apple
  • Netflix
  • Uber
  • Instagram
  • Spotify
  • Reddit
  • Cisco
  • GitHub

Next, you will be one of the next employees at one of the top companies. So, start learning our tutorial with easy steps designed to help you clear the technical interview and certification exams.

Frequently Asked Questions about PostgreSQL

In this section, we are providing brief answers to some of the most important frequently asked questions (FAQ) about PostgreSQL.

PostgreSQL is an ORDBMS (Object-Relational Database Management System) that supports both relational and object-oriented features.

PostgreSQL supports advanced data type features, high performance, rich indexing, and ACID properties, and allows flexible schema design and unstructured data storage.

The latest version of PostgreSQL is 15.2 which is released in February 2025.

PostgreSQL provides advanced features, ACID compliance, and scalability, whereas MySQL excels in speed and simplicity. Top companies mostly use PostgreSQL due to complex data.

Typically, it will take 2−3 months for the beginners to learn the basics of PostgreSQL and become proficient in its use.

While learning PostgreSQL, you first learn the SQL concepts and then install PostgreSQL. Explore the documentation of our tutorial, which teaches you the stepwise process of learning database programming. At last, practice with the sample data.

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