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ASP.NET Core 9 Web API Cookbook
ASP.NET Core 9 Web API Cookbook

ASP.NET Core 9 Web API Cookbook: Over 60 hands-on recipes for building and securing enterprise web APIs with REST, GraphQL, and more

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Profile Icon Luke Avedon Profile Icon Garry Cabrera
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$29.98 $39.99
Paperback Apr 2025 344 pages 1st Edition
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Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Luke Avedon Profile Icon Garry Cabrera
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Paperback Apr 2025 344 pages 1st Edition
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ASP.NET Core 9 Web API Cookbook

Mastering Resource Creation and Validation

In this chapter, we will explore creating, validating, and updating data in a web API. We will cover POST, PUT, and PATCH operations, uncovering the critical concepts of model validation and model binding – essential features of ASP.NET Core. Additionally, we will explore Scalar, a new and user-friendly option for an interactive OpenAPI UI. This will allow us to move beyond Swagger UI, which is no longer included as the default tool for generating OpenAPI documentation.

We will focus on the best practice of validating inputs added to our database. To do this, we will use model validation and model binding, which together form the model state – a dictionary containing both the state of the model and the validation results.

The following are the recipes we’re going to cover in this chapter:

  • Model validation with data annotations
  • Creating a custom validation attribute
  • Implementing complex validation...

Technical requirements

For the recipes in this chapter, you’ll need the following:

  • Git: Make sure you have Git installed.
  • .NET 9 SDK: The .NET 9 SDK is available here: https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download/dotnet/9.0.
  • DB Browser for SQLite: Unlike Chapter 1, where we used the in-memory SQLite provider for EF Core, this chapter will use a real SQLite database that persists to disk. SQLite works with a single file rather than connecting to a server with a connection string. SQLite, due to its simplicity, allows you to concentrate on understanding validation best practices without the extra layers of checks and guardrails seen in databases such as Microsoft SQL Server. It can be helpful to view the database we will be creating with DB Browser for SQLite, which is available here: https://sqlitebrowser.org/.
  • A note on mappers: The projects in this chapter use both EF Core and Dapper. Please check the GitHub end projects folder to see the full Dapper versions...

Model validation with data annotations

We will start by exploring the simplest form of model validation in ASP.NET Core – model validation using data annotations.

Data annotations allow you to decorate model properties with attributes that specify validation criteria. This ensures that the data received from the user adheres to defined rules and formats, preventing invalid data from causing errors or inconsistencies. By utilizing data annotations, we can also provide more specific feedback when a client POSTs data that does not conform to the model’s properties. This technique is a lot better than returning a vague generic error message to the client. Instead of returning a generic error, this approach guides the client on what properties need to be modified to meet the required criteria.

In this recipe, we will use DataAnnotations to apply model validation. The starter project for this chapter is a Web API with two controllers. Both controllers have one endpoint...

Creating a custom validation attribute

In this recipe, we will create our own custom validation attribute to validate incoming data to our API. We will also learn how to retry model binding with TryValidateModel.

Getting ready

This recipe picks up where the preceding recipe left off. You can find a starter project here: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/ASP.NET-9-Web-API-Cookbook/tree/main/start/chapter02/CustomAnnotations

How to do it…

  1. Create a new custom validation attribute class in the Models folder, which inherits from ValidationAttribute:
    using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
    namespace CustomAnnotations.Models;
    public class AllowedValuesAttribute : ValidationAttribute
    {
        private readonly List<string> _allowedValues;
        public AllowedValuesAttribute(params string[] allowedValues)
        {
            _allowedValues = allowedValues?.ToList() ?? new...

Implementing complex validation logic with IValidateObject

In this recipe, we will implement custom validation logic in our DTO class using IValidateObject. This will allow us to create validation logic for an entire model instead of only one property.

Getting ready

The starting code for this project resides here: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/ASP.NET-9-Web-API-Cookbook/tree/main/start/chapter02/IValidateObject.

How to do It…

  1. Modify your existing EventRegistrationDTO to inherit from IValidateObject:
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
    namespace events.Models
    {
        public class EventRegistrationDTO : IValidatableObject
        {
        …
  2. Create the Validate method, which yields a ValidationResult if the date is not in the future:
    public IEnumerable<ValidationResult> Validate(ValidationContext validationContext)
        ...

Creating complex validation rules with FluentValidation

In this recipe, we will learn how to create complex validation rules using the FluentValidation library. FluentValidation offers a more fluent and flexible way to define validation logic.

Getting ready

We are going to continue working with the same DTO. However, all the validation rules have been removed – both the simple data annotations and the rules created via IValidateObject. The code for this project resides here: chapter02/FluentValidation.

How to do it…

  1. Open the project in Visual Studio Code.
  2. Open the terminal and type dotnet run.
  3. Open the browser and go to http://localhost:5217/scalar/chapter2.

    You have a basic API with some DataAnnotations and a custom DataAnnotations attribute on the DTO.

  4. Install the FluentValidation NuGet package:
    dotnet add package FluentValidation.AspNetCore
  5. Note that our DTO currently has no validation rules. Add the following code to the EventRegistrationDTO...

Updating resources with PUT and AutoMapper

This recipe will demonstrate how to update an existing resource using PUT requests. Proper handling of resource updates is crucial for maintaining data integrity. For this task, you will learn how to use AutoMapper, a popular object-to-object mapping library. AutoMapper facilitates the mapping between Data Transfer Objects (DTOs) and entity models. AutoMapper also helps us reduce the boilerplate code needed for manual property mapping.

Getting ready

The repository is available here: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/ASP.NET-9-Web-API-Cookbook/tree/main/end/chapter02/AutoMapper. This starter project is different from the one we left off with, so it is crucial that you clone it if you want to follow along. The starter project includes an AdditionalContactInfo model for storing secondary contact details, which we’ll be mapping alongside our main EventRegistration model.

How to do it…

  1. Clone the repository using...

Managing cascade delete with AutoMapper

In this recipe, we will leverage our AutoMapper setup to implement the deletion of EventRegistration and its dependent entity, AdditionalContact. This ensures that when EventRegistration is deleted, its related AdditionalContact information is also handled.

Getting ready

The starting code for this project is found here: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/ASP.NET-9-Web-API-Cookbook/tree/main/start/chapter02/CascadeDelete. This recipe picks up where the preceding recipe ended.

How to do it…

  1. Add the DELETE endpoint to your controller. In your EFEventsController, let’s get started by adding the following attributes for a new DELETE endpoint:
    [HttpDelete("{id}")]
    [EndpointSummary("Delete an existing event registration")]
    [EndpointDescription("DELETE to remove an existing event registration.")]
    [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
    [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status404NotFound...

Updating specific model fields with PATCH and JsonPatchDocument

Using a PATCH request, we can update specific fields of a data entity (resource) without sending the entire object to the endpoint. In this recipe, we will leverage the JsonPatchDocument library to target and modify only the fields you need to change. This approach ensures minimal data transfer and precise updates to your resources.

Getting ready

The code for the starter project resides here: chapter02\start\JsonPatchDocument. This recipe picks up where the previous one left off.

How to do it…

  1. First, install the required packages:
    dotnet add package Microsoft.AspNetCore.JsonPatch
    dotnet add package Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.NewtonSoftJson

    We are not going to use System.Text.Json as our JSON provider in this example. Although it is possible to set up JsonPatch with System.Text.Json, it is more work. Import the Mvc.Formatters namespace and register that you would like to use Newtonsoft for Json on our...

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Key benefits

  • Master the lifecycle of ASP.NET Core web APIs by confidently building, testing, monitoring, and securing your applications
  • Explore advanced topics like GraphQL, SignalR, and microservices to create feature-rich APIs
  • Discover cloud deployment strategies to ensure your APIs are ready for modern infrastructure
  • Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBook

Description

Discover what makes ASP.NET Core 9 a powerful and versatile framework for building modern web APIs that are both scalable and secure. This comprehensive, recipe-based guide leverages the authors’ decade-long experience in software development to equip developers with the knowledge to create robust web API solutions using the framework's most powerful features. Designed for intermediate to advanced .NET developers, this cookbook contains hands-on recipes that demonstrate how to efficiently build, optimize, and secure APIs using this cutting-edge technology. You'll master essential topics, such as creating RESTful APIs, implementing advanced data access strategies, securing your APIs, creating custom middleware, and enhancing your logging capabilities. The book goes beyond traditional API development by introducing GraphQL, SignalR, and gRPC, offering insights into how these technologies can extend the reach of your APIs. To prepare you for real-world challenges, the recipes cover testing methodologies, cloud deployment, legacy system integration, and advanced concepts like microservices and Hangfire. By the end of this book, you’ll gain the expertise needed to build and manage enterprise-grade web APIs with ASP.NET Core 9.

Who is this book for?

This book is for intermediate to advanced developers—whether you're a .NET, backend, full-stack, or DevOps professional—looking to build and secure APIs with ASP.NET Core. It’s also ideal for those experienced in Java or Go who want to transition to ASP.NET Core, or developers familiar with C# and .NET aiming to deepen their API skills. A working knowledge of web APIs and the .NET ecosystem is assumed, so you can jump straight into practical recipes

What you will learn

  • Implement HybridCache with stampede protection to replace distributed and in-memory caches
  • Perform unit, integration, and contract testing to ensure robustness and reliability
  • Optimize API performance using output and response caching with tag-based invalidation
  • Design custom middleware for rate limiting, centralized exception handling, health checks, and more
  • Streamline API troubleshooting using Serilog's structured logging and Seq's powerful log visualization for quick insights
  • Secure your APIs with authentication, authorization, and HTTPS enforcement
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Table of Contents

13 Chapters
Chapter 1: Practical Data Access in ASP.NET Core Web APIs Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 2: Mastering Resource Creation and Validation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 3: Securing Your Web API Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 4: Creating Custom Middleware Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 5: Creating Comprehensive Logging Solutions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 6: Real-Time Communication with SignalR Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 7: Building Robust API Tests: a Guide to Unit and Integration Testing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 8: GraphQL: Designing Flexible and Efficient APIs Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 9: Deploying and Managing Your WebAPI in the Cloud Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 10: The Craft of Caching Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 11: Beyond the Core Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
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