Python | Binary Group Tuple list elements

Last Updated : 27 Apr, 2023

Sometimes, while working with tuples, we can have problems of grouping them, be it based on gender or any particular binary category. This can have applications in many domains. Let’s discuss certain ways in which this can be performed.

Method #1 : Using generator + loop + zip()

The brute force method to perform this task, in this, we perform the combination grouping with the help of zip(), and iteration logic is handled by generator and loop.

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Binary Group Tuple list elements
# using generator + loop + zip()
 
# helper function to perform task
def bin_group(test_list):
    for tup1, tup2 in zip(test_list[0::2], test_list[1::2]):
        yield (tup1[0], tup1[1], tup2[1])
 
 
# initialize list
test_list = [(1, 56, 'M'), (1, 14, 'F'), (2, 43, 'F'), (2, 10, 'M')]
 
# printing original list
print("The original list : " + str(test_list))
 
# Binary Group Tuple list elements
# using generator + loop + zip()
res = list(bin_group(test_list))
 
# printing result
print("The list after binary grouping : " + str(res))

Output :

The original list : [(1, 56, 'M'), (1, 14, 'F'), (2, 43, 'F'), (2, 10, 'M')]
The list after binary grouping : [(1, 56, 14), (2, 43, 10)]

Method #2: Using defaultdict() + list comprehension + sorted() + items()

Combination of the above functions can be used to perform this task. In this, we convert the list into a dictionary and then perform key-based grouping and rearrange back to tuple list.

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Binary Group Tuple list elements
# using defaultdict() + list comprehension + sorted() + items()
from collections import defaultdict
 
# initialize list
test_list = [(1, 56, 'M'), (1, 14, 'F'), (2, 43, 'F'), (2, 10, 'M')]
 
# printing original list
print("The original list : " + str(test_list))
 
# Binary Group Tuple list elements
# using defaultdict() + list comprehension + sorted() + items()
temp = defaultdict(list)
for ele in test_list:
    temp[ele[0]].append(ele[1])
res = sorted((key, ) + tuple(val) for key, val in temp.items())
 
# printing result
print("The list after binary grouping : " + str(res))

Output :

The original list : [(1, 56, 'M'), (1, 14, 'F'), (2, 43, 'F'), (2, 10, 'M')]
The list after binary grouping : [(1, 56, 14), (2, 43, 10)]

Using itertools.groupby to group tuples by their first element:

Approach:

Import the groupby function from the itertools module.
Define the original list of tuples.
Sort the original list by the first element of each tuple using the sort method.
Use a list comprehension to create the grouped list of tuples.First, use the groupby function to group the tuples in the original list by their first element.
Then, for each group, create a new tuple with the first element being the group key and the remaining elements being the second elements of each tuple in the group.
The * syntax is used to unpack the elements of the resulting tuple.
The tuple and for syntax is used to create a new tuple containing the second element of each tuple in the group.
Print the resulting grouped list.

Python3

from itertools import groupby
 
original_list = [(1, 56, 'M'), (1, 14, 'F'), (2, 43, 'F'), (2, 10, 'M')]
original_list.sort()
 
grouped_list = [(k, *tuple(t[1] for t in g)) for k, g in groupby(original_list, lambda x: x[0])]
print(grouped_list)

Output

[(1, 14, 56), (2, 10, 43)]

Time complexity: O(nlogn) (due to sorting)
Auxiliary Space: O(n)

Method 4: Using the pandas library

Python3

import pandas as pd
 
test_list = [(1, 56, 'M'), (1, 14, 'F'), (2, 43, 'F'), (2, 10, 'M')]
 
# create a DataFrame from the list of tuples
df = pd.DataFrame(test_list, columns=['key', 'value', 'gender'])
 
# create a new DataFrame with the binary grouped tuples
df_binary = df.pivot(index='key', columns='gender',
                     values='value').fillna(0).astype(int)
 
# Resetting the index and convert the DataFrame back to a list of tuples
result = [(row[0], *row[1:])
          for row in df_binary.reset_index().itertuples(index=False)]
 
print("The original list:", test_list)
print("The list after binary grouping:", result)

OUTPUT :
The original list: [(1, 56, 'M'), (1, 14, 'F'), (2, 43, 'F'), (2, 10, 'M')]
The list after binary grouping: [(1, 14, 56), (2, 43, 10)]

Time complexity of this method is O(n log n) due to the sorting operation.
Auxiliary space: is O(n) due to the creation of the Pandas DataFrame.

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Python | Binary Group Tuple list elements

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Using itertools.groupby to group tuples by their first element:

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