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Tissue-Mimicking Materials for Cardiac Imaging Phantom—Section 1: From Conception to Materials Selection

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Cardiovascular Engineering

Part of the book series: Series in BioEngineering ((SERBIOENG))

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Abstract

The effectiveness of cardiac imaging system is valued from its reliability, reproducibility, accuracy, and usefulness in the clinical settings. These parameters are often evaluated, validated, and justified during the optimization process of the system. A large number of calibration techniques have been used in this process to provide values that specify how standardized the imaging system is. The most common technique is using physical imaging phantom. This device can clarify the degree of image quality and object detectability produced by the imaging system. However, even various imaging phantoms have been widely available, it is still difficult to obtain the phantoms that mimic the realistic biological tissues and functions, particularly for cardiac imaging applications. As cardiac imaging systems capture and analyse dynamic cardiac morphology and function in motions, the main issue in cardiac imaging phantoms is how close the phantom properties to those of realistic biological tissues so that the phantom can guarantee for a reproducible measurement. As cardiac imaging phantom materials play vital roles in the standardized validation for cardiac imaging systems, it is important to study Tissue Mimicking Materials (TMMs) for cardiac imaging systems, materials, and their properties that build the phantom structures. This review study is divided into two parts. Part 1 highlights on preparation processes in phantom development that consist of conception, design, simulation, and materials selection stages, while part 2 concentrates on realization processes from fabrication to optimization stages. This part 1 is aimed to briefly review the current state of knowledge regarding TMMs and their uses for cardiac imaging phantoms. Introduction to systematic processes in the phantom development is also presented to provide an understanding on how to generate the physical phantom step by step.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for funding supports by Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under FRGS Grant R.J130000.7845.4F764 and GUP Tier 1 Grant Q.J130000.2545.20H36.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Center, Institute of Human Centered Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Dyah Ekashanti Octorina Dewi & Nurul Shafiqa Mohd Yusof

  2. School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Dyah Ekashanti Octorina Dewi & Nurul Shafiqa Mohd Yusof

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  1. School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Dyah Ekashanti Octorina Dewi

  2. School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Yuan Wen Hau

  3. School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Ahmad Zahran Mohd Khudzari

  4. School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Ida Idayu Muhamad

  5. School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Eko Supriyanto

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Dewi, D.E.O., Yusof, N.S.M. (2020). Tissue-Mimicking Materials for Cardiac Imaging Phantom—Section 1: From Conception to Materials Selection. In: Dewi, D., Hau, Y., Khudzari, A., Muhamad, I., Supriyanto, E. (eds) Cardiovascular Engineering. Series in BioEngineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8405-8_1

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