"next dev --turbo" fails in WASM with error (turbo.createProject is not supported by the wasm bindings)

[theshadowagent]

Link to the code that reproduces this issue

https://stackblitz.com/edit/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9

To Reproduce

1. Start next dev server with Turbopack (next dev --turbo) in WASM (e.g. using webcontainers.io)
2. The dev command fails with error

~/projects/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9
❯ npm install

added 10 packages, and changed 6 packages in 34s

144 packages are looking for funding
  run `npm fund` for details

~/projects/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9 34s
❯ npx next dev --turbo
  ▲ Next.js 15.0.0-canary.171 (turbo)
  - Local:        http://localhost:3000

 ✓ Starting...
   Downloading swc package @next/swc-wasm-nodejs... to /home/.cache/next-swc
Error: `turbo.createProject` is not supported by the wasm bindings.
    at Object.createProject (/home/projects/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9/node_modules/next/dist/build/swc/index.js:808:31)
    at createHotReloaderTurbopack (/home/projects/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9/node_modules/next/dist/server/dev/hot-reloader-turbopack.js:121:42)
    at async startWatcher (/home/projects/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9/node_modules/next/dist/server/lib/router-utils/setup-dev-bundler.js:164:38)
    at async setupDevBundler (/home/projects/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9/node_modules/next/dist/server/lib/router-utils/setup-dev-bundler.js:814:20)
    at async Span.traceAsyncFn (/home/projects/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9/node_modules/next/dist/trace/trace.js:157:20)
    at async initialize (/home/projects/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9/node_modules/next/dist/server/lib/router-server.js:87:30)
    at async Server.eval (/home/projects/stackblitz-starters-yew3c9/node_modules/next/dist/server/lib/start-server.js:266:36)

Current vs. Expected behavior

I expected next dev --turbo to work in WASM mode so I could have fast hot reloading, but it throws this error

Provide environment information

❯ npx next info

Operating System:
  Platform: linux
  Arch: x64
  Version: Ubuntu 20.04.0 LTS
  Available memory (MB): NaN
  Available CPU cores: 8
Binaries:
  Node: 18.20.3
  npm: 10.2.3
  Yarn: 1.22.19
  pnpm: 8.15.6
Relevant Packages:
  next: 15.0.0-canary.171 // Latest available version is detected (15.0.0-canary.171).
  eslint-config-next: 13.5.1
  react: 18.2.0
  react-dom: 18.2.0
  typescript: 5.2.2
Next.js Config:
  output: N/A

Which area(s) are affected? (Select all that apply)

Turbopack

Which stage(s) are affected? (Select all that apply)

next dev (local)

Additional context

I tested my reproduction against "15.0.0-canary.171" (latest canary release), and "14.2.13" (latest stable release). On stable it outputs a different error: TypeError: bindings.turbo.createProject is not a function.

I found the code that throws this:

next.js/packages/next/src/build/swc/index.ts

Line 1063 in 3ed9f4b

createProject: function (

Is wasm bindings support planned for turbopack anytime soon? Was very bummed to see this, since it considerably slows down next.js in browser IDEs.

[samcx]

@theshadowagent Thank you for submitting an issue!

I was not able to this.

[abhi12299]

the link provided works fine - no WASM errors on stackblitz

[theshadowagent]

@samcx @abhi12299
Here's an update on how to reproduce:

1. Open the Stackblitz link I provided & stop the existing terminal command using Ctrl+C. The issue is that Stackblitz runs next dev without --turbo flag by default (specifically, it runs npm install && npx next dev)
2. Manually run npm install && npm run dev which runs the next dev --turbo command and fails

Apologies for confusing you here – I couldn't find a way to change the default run command in Stackblitz

Thanks for the swift response!

[theshadowagent]

Also wanted to add about why it's important for me:
My default next14 + shadcn + tailwind project takes ~60 seconds to boot in Webcontainers without --turbo flag, and 83% of the time is spent on the compile step, which I suspect takes so long due to using Webpack instead of Turbopack.

[timneutkens]

Turbopack does not have a WebAssembly build currently so I'm not expecting it to work on Stackblitz right now.

It's not unexpected that running in Stackblitz is slower than locally because it will have to download the WebAssembly binary and then use that instead of using the native bindings.

[theshadowagent]

@timneutkens thanks, I understand. Is WebAssembly build for Turbopack on the roadmap somewhere, or should I switch to server environment?

On WebAssembly binary: I've managed to reduce the time by 2x via adding @next/swc-wasm-nodejs to my package.json, but that only worked with next@13.5.1. next@14.2.14 still downloads the binary (at least according to console) even if it's present in package.json.

Still, compile step takes about 10s, so WebAssembly build for Turbopack would be amazing.
See bolt.new for why it might be important

[timneutkens]

We're currently focused on making sure that as many people as possible get the benefits of Turbopack, which means prioritizing development / builds with the native binding, after Turbopack development and build are stable we can investigate WebAssembly builds, though it's not straightforward to add this because of the premise of the compiler, which includes file watching, disk access (read/write) etc.

[theshadowagent]

Got it, makes total sense! I think I'll switch to server VMs for now. I'm curious if this release helps to progress on this: https://deno.com/blog/rusty-v8-stabilized

[illegitimate-egg]

Bumping this, except for me rather than not working on stackblitz it doesn't work on my FreeBSD laptop

[ahmedkhabar]

Finally, I fix it - the solution was so simple: just upgrade the Node.js version using NVM with this command nvm install NEW_VERSION --reinstall-packages-from=OLD_VERSION and then I switch to the new Node version using nvm use 23.4.0 and change the version number "23.4.0" with the installed version.

Edit:
use lts instead because the latest version of Node js have some issues with prisma.
nvm install lts

[TonyRice]

I'm currently running the next boilerplate on a termux install. I'm running the latest version of nodejs built for arm64

I get this same error on a fresh install for the boilerplate project.

[TonyRice]

You can optionally disable turbo and use webpack.

[1sh4sk]

i ran into this error too i guess it happened because while creating the nextjs app some packages are not installed correctly what i did is delete the project and create it from the start and the error no longer exists

solution:
delete the nextjs project you just created
and create a new one from the start by using the command npx create-next-app@latest

[Badbird5907]

Hi, I am getting this error with create-next-app@latest and next@latest (15.1.6).
I'm using Stackblitz's webcontainer.

Edit: can reproduce in stackblitz