math: increase precision of math.SmallestNonzeroFloat64

The original value was rounded too early, which lead to the
surprising behavior that float64(math.SmallestNonzeroFloat64 / 2)
wasn't 0. That is, the exact compile-time computation of
math.SmallestNonzeroFloat64 / 2 resulted in a value that was
rounded up when converting to float64. To address this, added 3
more digits to the mantissa, ending in a 0.

While at it, also slightly increased the precision of MaxFloat64
to end in a 0.

Computed exact values via https://play.golang.org/p/yt4KTpIx_wP.

Added a test to verify expected behavior.

In contrast to the other (irrational) constants, expanding these
extreme values to more digits is unlikely to be important as they
are not going to appear in numeric computations except for tests
verifying their correctness (as is the case here).

Re-enabled a disabled test in go/types and types2.

Updates #44057.
Fixes #44058.

Change-Id: I8f363155e02331354e929beabe993c8d8de75646
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/315170
Trust: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>

Author: griesemer

api/except.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 pkg encoding/json, method (*RawMessage) MarshalJSON() ([]uint8, error)
+pkg math, const MaxFloat64 = 1.79769e+308  // 179769313486231570814527423731704356798100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+pkg math, const SmallestNonzeroFloat64 = 4.94066e-324  // 4940656458412465441765687928682213723651/1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
 pkg math/big, const MaxBase = 36
 pkg math/big, type Word uintptr
 pkg net, func ListenUnixgram(string, *UnixAddr) (*UDPConn, error)

src/cmd/compile/internal/types2/testdata/check/const1.src

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 package const1
 
+import "math"
+
 const(
 	mi = ^int(0)
 	mu = ^uint(0)
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ const (
 	//           without overflow. For now we match the compiler.
 	//           See also issue #44057.
 	// smallestFloat64 = 1.0 / (1<<(1023 - 1 + 52))
-	smallestFloat64 = 4.940656458412465441765687928682213723651e-324
+	smallestFloat64 = math.SmallestNonzeroFloat64
 )
 
 const (
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ const (
 	//           without overflow. For now we match the compiler.
 	//           See also issue #44057.
 	// maxFloat64 = 1<<1023 * (1<<53 - 1) / (1.0<<52)
-	maxFloat64 = 1.797693134862315708145274237317043567981e+308
+	maxFloat64 = math.MaxFloat64
 )
 
 const (
@@ -281,9 +283,7 @@ const (
 	_ = assert(float64(smallestFloat32) == smallestFloat32)
 	_ = assert(float64(smallestFloat32/2) == smallestFloat32/2)
 	_ = assert(float64(smallestFloat64) == smallestFloat64)
-	// TODO(gri) With the change to the declaration of smallestFloat64
-	//           this now fails to be true. See issue #44058.
-	// _ = assert(float64(smallestFloat64/2) == 0)
+	_ = assert(float64(smallestFloat64/2) == 0)
 )
 
 const (

src/go/types/testdata/check/const1.src

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 package const1
 
+import "math"
+
 const(
 	mi = ^int(0)
 	mu = ^uint(0)
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ const (
 	//           without overflow. For now we match the compiler.
 	//           See also issue #44057.
 	// smallestFloat64 = 1.0 / (1<<(1023 - 1 + 52))
-	smallestFloat64 = 4.940656458412465441765687928682213723651e-324
+	smallestFloat64 = math.SmallestNonzeroFloat64
 )
 
 const (
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ const (
 	//           without overflow. For now we match the compiler.
 	//           See also issue #44057.
 	// maxFloat64 = 1<<1023 * (1<<53 - 1) / (1.0<<52)
-	maxFloat64 = 1.797693134862315708145274237317043567981e+308
+	maxFloat64 = math.MaxFloat64
 )
 
 const (
@@ -281,9 +283,7 @@ const (
 	_ = assert(float64(smallestFloat32) == smallestFloat32)
 	_ = assert(float64(smallestFloat32/2) == smallestFloat32/2)
 	_ = assert(float64(smallestFloat64) == smallestFloat64)
-	// TODO(gri) With the change to the declaration of smallestFloat64
-	//           this now fails to be true. See issue #44058.
-	// _ = assert(float64(smallestFloat64/2) == 0)
+	_ = assert(float64(smallestFloat64/2) == 0)
 )
 
 const (

src/math/all_test.go

@@ -3196,6 +3196,15 @@ func TestFloatMinMax(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestFloatMinima(t *testing.T) {
+	if q := float32(SmallestNonzeroFloat32 / 2); q != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("float32(SmallestNonzeroFloat32 / 2) = %g, want 0", q)
+	}
+	if q := float64(SmallestNonzeroFloat64 / 2); q != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("float64(SmallestNonzeroFloat64 / 2) = %g, want 0", q)
+	}
+}
+
 var indirectSqrt = Sqrt
 
 // TestFloat32Sqrt checks the correctness of the float32 square root optimization result.

src/math/const.go

@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ const (
 	MaxFloat32             = 3.40282346638528859811704183484516925440e+38  // 2**127 * (2**24 - 1) / 2**23
 	SmallestNonzeroFloat32 = 1.401298464324817070923729583289916131280e-45 // 1 / 2**(127 - 1 + 23)
 
-	MaxFloat64             = 1.797693134862315708145274237317043567981e+308 // 2**1023 * (2**53 - 1) / 2**52
-	SmallestNonzeroFloat64 = 4.940656458412465441765687928682213723651e-324 // 1 / 2**(1023 - 1 + 52)
+	MaxFloat64             = 1.79769313486231570814527423731704356798070e+308   // 2**1023 * (2**53 - 1) / 2**52
+	SmallestNonzeroFloat64 = 4.9406564584124654417656879286822137236505980e-324 // 1 / 2**(1023 - 1 + 52)
 )
 
 // Integer limit values.