Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Two-Stage Precoding Method for the Finitely Large-Scale Antenna Systems

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A simple matched-filter, which known as a promising precoder in a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, would not achieve the multi-user MIMO downlink capacity when base station equipped with finitely large number of antennas, due to multi-user interference. In this paper, a two-stage precoder design method has been proposed to maximize the sum-rate of cell-edge users when base station equipped with finitely large number of antennas. In the first stage, a matched-filter precoder is adopted to exploit both beamforming gain and the dimensional reduction of effective channels. Then, we derive the second stage precoder that maximizes the sum-rate by minimizing the weighted mean-squared-error. Simulation results and analysis verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. A modified transceiver design method is also presented which provides desired robustness in the presence of channel uncertainty.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. To avoid confusion when discussing large numbers of antennas, which can include an infinitely large number of antennas, we use the term finitely large number of antennas to represent less than fifty antennas. Note that the current commercial wireless communication standard [9] considers a maximum sixty-four antennas for massive MIMO systems.

  2. According to simulation, when SNR = \(10\) [dB] which is in the mid SNR regime, both the proposed and conventional schemes are converged when \(N_{iter}=20\). For the consistency of comparison, we set \(N_{iter}=20\) for all SNR regime.

References

  1. Rusek, F., Persson, D., Lau, B. K., Larsson, E. G., Marzetta, T. L., Edfors, O., et al. (2013). Scaling up MIMO: Opportunities and challenges with very large arrays. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 30, 40–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Marzetta, T. L. (2010). Noncooperative cellular wireless with unlimited numbers of base station antennas. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication, 9, 3590–3600.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Larsson, E. G., Edfors, O., Tufvesson, F., & Marzetta, T. L. (2014). Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems. IEEE Communications Magazine, 52, 186–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Costa, M. H. M. (1983). Writing on dirty paper. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 29, 439–441.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Peel, C. B., Hochwald, B. M., & Swindlehurst, A. L. (2005). A vectorperturbation technique for near-capacity multiantenna multiuser communication—Part I: Channel inversion and regularization. IEEE Transactions on Communication, 53, 195–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Spencer, Q. H., Swindlehurst, A. L., & Haardt, M. (2004). Zero-forcing methods for downlink spatial multiplexing in multiuser MIMO channels. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 52, 461–471.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Sung, H., Lee, S.-R., & Lee, I. (2009). Generalized channel inversion methods for multiuser MIMO systems. IEEE Transactions on Communication, 57, 3489–3499.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Christensen, S. S., Agarwal, R., Carvalho, E., & Cioffi, J. M. (2008). Weighted sum rate maximization using weighted MMSE for MIMO-BC beamforming design. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication, 7, 4792–4799.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. 3GPP TR 36.211 V 12.3.0 (Release 12), Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), Sept, 2014.

  10. Shenouda, M. B., & Davidson, T. N. (2007). Tomlinson-Harashima precoding for broadcast channels with uncertainty. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, 25, 1380–1389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Golub, G. H., & Loan, C. F. V. (1996). Matrix Computations. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study has been supported by 2014 Korea Maritime and Ocean University (KMOU) research grants for the new faculties.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of the Navigation Science Department, Korea Maritime and Ocean University (KMOU), 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 606-791, Korea

    Joonwoo Shin

Authors
  1. Joonwoo Shin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joonwoo Shin.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Shin, J. Two-Stage Precoding Method for the Finitely Large-Scale Antenna Systems. Wireless Pers Commun 84, 2549–2559 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-015-2719-1

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-015-2719-1

Keywords